P2195
1NR-FE ENGINE CONTROL: SFI SYSTEM: P2195, P2196: Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Signal Stuck Lean (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
DESCRIPTION
HINT
- Although the DTC titles say oxygen sensor, these DTCs relate to the air fuel ratio sensor.
- Sensor 1 refers to the sensor mounted in front of the three-way catalytic converter and located near the engine assembly.
The air fuel ratio sensor generates a voltage* that corresponds to the actual air fuel ratio. This sensor voltage is used to provide the ECM with feedback so that it can control the air fuel ratio. The ECM determines the deviation from the stoichiometric air fuel ratio level, and regulates the fuel injection time. If the air fuel ratio sensor malfunctions, the ECM is unable to control the air fuel ratio accurately.
The air fuel ratio sensor is the planar type and is integrated with the heater, which heats the solid electrolyte (zirconia element). This heater is controlled by the ECM. When the intake air volume is low (the exhaust gas temperature is low), a current flows into the heater to heat the sensor, in order to facilitate accurate oxygen concentration detection. In addition, the sensor and heater portions are the narrow type. The heat generated by the heater is conducted to the solid electrolyte through the alumina, and therefore the sensor activation is accelerated.
In order to obtain a high purification rate of the carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) components in the exhaust gas, a three-way catalytic converter is used. For the most efficient use of the three-way catalytic converter, the air fuel ratio must be precisely controlled so that it is always close to the stoichiometric level.
*: Value changes inside the ECM. Since the air fuel ratio sensor is a current output element, the current is converted into a voltage inside the ECM. Any measurements taken at the air fuel ratio sensor or ECM connectors will show a constant voltage.
HINT
- When any of these DTCs is stored, check the air fuel ratio sensor voltage output by entering the following menus on the Techstream: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / AFS Voltage B1S1.
- Short-term fuel trim values can also be read using the Techstream.
- The ECM regulates the voltages at the A1A+ and A1A- terminals of the ECM to a constant level. Therefore, the air fuel ratio sensor voltage output cannot be confirmed without using the Techstream.
- If an air fuel ratio sensor malfunction is detected, the ECM stores a DTC.
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
Sensor Voltage Detection Monitor
Under air fuel ratio feedback control, If the air fuel ratio sensor output voltage is below 2.8 V (very rich condition) for 5 seconds despite the rear heated oxygen sensor output voltage being below 0.69 V, the ECM stores DTC P2196. Alternatively, if the air fuel ratio sensor output voltage is higher than 3.8 V (very lean condition) for 5 seconds despite the rear heated oxygen sensor output voltage being 0.21 V or higher, DTC P2195 is stored.
Sensor Current Detection Monitor
A rich air fuel mixture causes a low air fuel ratio sensor current, and a lean air fuel mixture causes a high air fuel ratio sensor current. Therefore, the sensor output becomes low during acceleration, and it becomes high during deceleration with the throttle valve fully closed. The ECM monitors the air fuel ratio sensor current during fuel-cut and detects any abnormal current values.
If the air fuel ratio sensor output is 2.2 mA or higher for more than 3 seconds of cumulative time, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction in the air fuel ratio sensor and stores DTC P2195 (stuck on high side). If the air fuel ratio sensor output is below 0.7 mA for more than 3 seconds of cumulative time, the ECM stores DTC P2196 (stuck on low side).
MONITOR STRATEGY
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
ALL
Sensor Voltage Detection Monitor (P2195, P2196):
Sensor Current Detection Monitor (P2195, P2196):
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
Sensor Voltage Detection Monitor (Lean Side Malfunction P2195):
Sensor Voltage Detection Monitor (Rich Side Malfunction P2196):
Sensor Current Detection Monitor (High Side Malfunction P2195):
Sensor Current Detection Monitor (Low Side Malfunction P2196):
MONITOR RESULT
Refer to detailed information in Checking Monitor Status Mode 6 Data.
P2195, P2196: O2 Sensor / RANGE B1S1
CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN
1. Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
3. Turn the Techstream on.
4. Clear DTCs (even if no DTCs are stored, perform the clear DTC operation).
5. Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.
6. Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the Techstream on.
7. Start the engine and warm it up until the ECT reaches 75°C (167°F) or higher [A].
8. On the Techstream, enter the following menus to check the fuel-cut status: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Idle Fuel Cut.
9. Drive the vehicle at a speed between 60 and 120 km/h (37 and 75 mph) for at least 10 minutes [B].
CAUTION:
When performing the confirmation driving pattern, obey all speed limits and traffic laws.
10. With the shift lever in S [C], accelerate the vehicle to 64 km/h (40 mph) or more by depressing the accelerator pedal for at least 10 seconds [D].
CAUTION:
When performing the confirmation driving pattern, obey all speed limits and traffic laws.
11. Soon after performing step [D] above, release the accelerator pedal for at least 4 seconds without depressing the brake pedal in order to execute fuel-cut control [E].
HINT
Fuel-cut is performed when the following conditions are met:
- Accelerator pedal is fully released.
- Engine speed is 2500 rpm or more (fuel injection returns at 1000 rpm).
12. Allow the vehicle to decelerate until the vehicle speed decreases to less than 10 km/h (6 mph).
13. Repeat steps [C] through [E] above at least 3 times in one driving cycle.
14. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes [F].
15. Read pending DTCs.
HINT
- If a pending DTC is output, the system is malfunctioning.
- If a pending DTC is not output, perform the following procedure.
16. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / All Readiness.
17. Input the DTC: P2195 or P2196.
18. Check the DTC judgment result.
HINT
- If the judgment result shows NORMAL, the system is normal.
- If the judgment result shows ABNORMAL, the system has a malfunction.
- If the judgment result shows INCOMPLETE or N/A, perform steps [B] through [F] again.
19. If no pending DTC is output, perform a universal trip and check for permanent DTCs Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes.
HINT
- If a permanent DTC is output, the system is malfunctioning.
- If no permanent DTC is output, the system is normal.
WIRING DIAGRAM
Refer to DTC P0031 P0031.
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
NOTICE:
Inspect the fuses for circuits related to this system before performing the following inspection procedure.
HINT
- Sensor 1 refers to the sensor closest to the engine assembly.
- Sensor 2 refers to the sensor farthest away from the engine assembly.
- Read freeze frame data using the Techstream. The ECM records vehicle and driving condition information as freeze frame data the moment a DTC is stored. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help determine if the vehicle was moving or stationary, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air fuel ratio was lean or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
- A low air fuel ratio sensor voltage could be caused by a rich air fuel mixture. Check for conditions that would cause the engine to run rich.
- A high air fuel ratio sensor voltage could be caused by a lean air fuel mixture. Check for conditions that would cause the engine to run lean.
PROCEDURE
1. CHECK ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO P2195 OR P2196)
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(c) Turn the Techstream on.
(d) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.
(e) Read DTCs.
Result
HINT
If any DTCs relating to the air fuel ratio sensor (DTCs for the air fuel ratio sensor heater or air fuel ratio sensor admittance) are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.
B -- GO TO DTC CHART SFI System
A -- Continue to next step.
2. CONFIRM IF VEHICLE HAS RUN OUT OF FUEL IN PAST
(a) Has the vehicle run out of fuel in the past?
NO -- READ VALUE USING TECHSTREAM (TEST VALUE OF AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR)
YES -- Continue to next step.
3. CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195 OR P2196)
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(c) Turn the Techstream on.
(d) Clear the DTCs Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes.
(e) Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.
(f) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(g) Turn the Techstream on.
(h) Start the engine and warm it up.
(i) Drive the vehicle in accordance with the driving pattern described in Confirmation Driving Pattern.
(j) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / All Readiness.
(k) Input the DTC: P2195 or P2196.
(l) Check the DTC judgment.
Result
B -- READ VALUE USING TECHSTREAM (TEST VALUE OF AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR)
A -- DTC CAUSED BY RUNNING OUT OF FUEL
4. READ VALUE USING TECHSTREAM (TEST VALUE OF AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR)
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(c) Turn the Techstream on.
(d) Clear the DTCs Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes.
(e) Drive the vehicle in accordance with the driving pattern described in Confirmation Driving Pattern.
(f) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Monitor / Current Monitor / O2 Sensor / Current.
(g) Check that the status of O2 Sensor is Complete.
If the status is still Incomplete, drive the vehicle according to the driving pattern again.
(h) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Monitor / Current Monitor / O2 Sensor / Details / RANGE B1 S1.
(i) Check the test value of the air fuel ratio sensor output current during fuel-cut.
Result
B -- REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR
A -- Continue to next step.
5. READ VALUE USING TECHSTREAM (OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR)
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Start the engine.
(c) Turn the Techstream on.
(d) Warm up the air fuel ratio sensor at an engine speed of 2500 rpm for 90 seconds.
(e) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Injection Volume.
(f) Perform the Control the Injection Volume operation with the engine idling.
(g) Monitor the output voltages of the air fuel ratio and heated oxygen sensors (AFS Voltage B1S1 and O2S B1S2) displayed on the Techstream.
HINT
- Change the fuel injection volume within the range of -12% to +12%. The injection volume can be changed in fine gradations.
- The air fuel ratio sensor has an output delay of a few seconds and the heated oxygen sensor has a maximum output delay of approximately 20 seconds.
- If the sensor output voltage does not change (almost no reaction) while performing the Active Test, the sensor may be malfunctioning.
Result
Lean: During the Control the Injection Volume Active Test, the air fuel ratio sensor output voltage (AFS Voltage) is consistently higher than 3.4 V, and the heated oxygen sensor output voltage (O2S) is consistently below 0.4 V.
Rich: During the Control the Injection Volume Active Test, the AFS Voltage is consistently below 3.1 V, and the O2S is consistently higher than 0.55 V.
Lean/Rich: During the Control the Injection Volume Active Test, the output voltage of the heated oxygen sensor alternates correctly.
HINT
Refer to "Data List / Active Test" [AFS Voltage B1S1 and O2S B1S2] Data List / Active List.
B -- REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR
A -- Continue to next step.
6. CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM
(a) Check the intake system for vacuum leaks Intake System.
OK:
No leaks in the intake system.
NG -- REPAIR OR REPLACE INTAKE SYSTEM
OK -- Continue to next step.
7. CHECK FOR EXHAUST GAS LEAK
(a) Check for exhaust gas leaks.
OK:
No gas leaks.
NG -- REPAIR OR REPLACE EXHAUST SYSTEM
OK -- Continue to next step.
8. CHECK FUEL PRESSURE
(a) Check the fuel pressure Fuel System.
NG -- CHECK FUEL LINE
OK -- Continue to next step.
9. INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY
(a) Check the fuel injector assembly injection (whether fuel volume is high or low, and whether injection pattern is poor) Testing and Inspection.
NG -- REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY Removal
OK -- Continue to next step.
10. REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR
(a) Replace the air fuel ratio sensor Removal.
NEXT -- Continue to next step.
11. CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195 OR P2196)
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(c) Turn the Techstream on.
(d) Clear the DTCs Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes.
(e) Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.
(f) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(g) Turn the Techstream on.
(h) Start the engine and warm it up.
(i) Drive the vehicle in accordance with the driving pattern described in Confirmation Driving Pattern.
(j) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / All Readiness.
(k) Input the DTC: P2195 or P2196.
(l) Check the DTC judgment.
Result
B -- END
A -- Continue to next step.
12. REPLACE ECM
(a) Replace the ECM Removal.
NEXT -- Continue to next step.
13. CONFIRM WHETHER MALFUNCTION HAS BEEN SUCCESSFULLY REPAIRED
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(c) Turn the Techstream on.
(d) Clear the DTCs Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes.
(e) Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.
(f) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(g) Turn the Techstream on.
(h) Start the engine and warm it up.
(i) Drive the vehicle in accordance with the driving pattern described in Confirmation Driving Pattern.
(j) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / All Readiness.
(k) Input the DTC: P2195 or P2196.
(l) Check the DTC judgment.
Result
NEXT -- END
14. REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR
(a) Replace the air fuel ratio sensor Removal.
NEXT -- Continue to next step.
15. CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195 OR P2196)
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(c) Turn the Techstream on.
(d) Clear the DTCs Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes.
(e) Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.
(f) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(g) Turn the Techstream on.
(h) Start the engine and warm it up.
(i) Drive the vehicle in accordance with the driving pattern described in Confirmation Driving Pattern.
(j) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / All Readiness.
(k) Input the DTC: P2195 or P2196.
(l) Check the DTC judgment.
Result
B -- REPLACE ECM Removal
A -- END
16. CHECK FUEL LINE
(a) Check the fuel lines for leaks or blockage.
NG -- REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE
OK -- REPLACE FUEL PUMP Removal