Diagnostic System Check - Instrument Panel Cluster

A Diagnostic System Check - Instrument Cluster (Part 1 Of 3):

A Diagnostic System Check - Instrument Cluster (Part 2 Of 3):

A Diagnostic System Check - Instrument Cluster (Part 3 Of 3):

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The instrument cluster diagnostic system check is an organized approach to identify problems associated with the instrument cluster. This check must be the starting point for any instrument cluster complaint and will direct to you to the next logical step in diagnosing the complaint. The instrument cluster is a very reliable component and is not likely the cause of the malfunction. Most system complaints are linked to faulty wiring and connectors and occasionally to components. Understanding the instrument cluster system and using the diagnostic tables correctly will reduce diagnostic time and prevent unnecessary parts replacement.

DIAGNOSTIC AIDS
^ The following conditions may result in an intermittent operation of the instrument cluster with no Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) stored:
- Any condition which results in the interruption of power to the instrument cluster.
- Out of range battery or ignition voltage specification. Normal battery or ignition voltage specification: 9-16V.
- A loose or damaged ground(s).
- An open or short in the Class II serial data link.
^ An intermittent failure in the electronic system may be very difficult to detect and accurately diagnose. The instrument cluster tests for different malfunctions under different vehicle conditions. For this reason a through test drive is often needed in order to repeat a fault condition. If the system malfunction is not repeated during the test drive, a good description of the complaint may be very useful in locating an intermittent fault condition. Faulty electrical connections or wiring cause most intermittent problems. When an intermittent condition is suspected check the suspected circuits for the following conditions:
- Poor mating of connector halves or backed out terminals.
- Improperly formed or damage terminals.
- Wire chafing.
- Poor wire-to terminal connections.
- Dirty or corroded terminals.
- Damage to connector bodies.
^ Use the J 35616-A whenever a diagnostic procedure requests probing or checking a terminal. Using this adapter will ensure that not damage to the terminal will occur and will give an idea of whether contact tension is sufficient. If the DTC is a history DTC, the problem may be intermittent. Perform the tests shown while moving related wiring and connectors. This can often cause the malfunction to occur. Perform a through inspection of all related wiring and connectors pertaining to the history DTC stored.
^ Exit all scan tool tests before cycling the ignition switch from the off to the on position unless the scan too instructions direct otherwise. Follow the operating instructions in the scan tool user's manual. Failure to follow these instructions may set DTCs, cause vehicle system malfunctions, set false DTCs or cause scan tool malfunctions.
^ Check all relative fuses for the instrument cluster. Refer to Instrument Cluster: Analog Schematics Electrical Diagrams
^ Make sure all relative grounds are clean and tight. Refer to Instrument Cluster: Analog Schematics Electrical Diagrams
^ For instrument cluster removal and replacement procedures, refer to IP Cluster Replacement Service and Repair
^ Check for a broken (or partially broken) wire inside of the insulation which could cause system malfunction but prove good in a continuity/voltage check with a system disconnected. These circuits may be intermittent or resistive when loaded and if possible should be checked by monitoring for a voltage drop with the system operational (under load).
^ Check for proper installation of after market electronic equipment which may affect the integrity of other systems.

TEST DESCRIPTION
The number(s) below refer to the step number(s) on the diagnostic table.
1. This test determines if communication can be established with the instrument cluster.
2. This test checks for stored instrument cluster DTCs.
3. This test determines whether communication can be established with other vehicle systems connected to the Class II serial data link.
4. This test checks the instrument cluster power circuits.
5. This test checks for the instrument cluster ground circuits.
6. This test determines if an open is present in the Class II serial data link.