Torque Converter: Description and Operation

235 mm (9.25 Inch):

Main components and functions torque converter 261 mm (10.25 inch):

The CD4E torque converter is a four-element assembly. The torque converter contains an impeller, a turbine, a reactor, and a Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) for increased fuel economy. It couples the engine to the turbine shaft assembly, provides torque multiplication and absorbs engine shock of gear shifting.

Impeller And Cover
The impeller and cover assembly drives the impeller blades and pump assembly. The impeller is primarily responsible for driving the turbine with hydraulic fluid by means of centrifugal force. The cover provides a mating surface for the torque converter clutch piston plate and damper assembly.

Turbine
The turbine is driven by centrifugal fluid force from the impeller. The turbine transmits input torque to the drive chain and driven sprocket through the turbine shaft.

Reactor
The reactor redirects fluid flow from the turbine back to the impeller so that fluid rotates in the same direction as the impeller. This action also assists in torque multiplication.