Part 3
BB00.40-P-0221-00A Requirements In Respect Of Engine Oils
Engine oils (Service)
These engine oils are for service purposes, in other words for the continued operation of engines after the first oil change and for all subsequent oil changes. There are service engine oils for individual engine types (e.g. only for gas engines, for all diesel with and without diesel particulate filters, but also universal oils for passenger car gasoline and passenger car diesel engines) in several grades. As a rule, the higher the oil grade, the longer the oil-change interval, and thus the more stringent the requirements placed on the oil.
The most important requirements that we stipulate for a Mercedes- Benz approval of service engine oils are shown in the summary table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". This requirement table can be requested from Dr. Czermin, Abteilung Betriebsstoffe (Operating Fluids department), tel.:+49-711-17-54741, email: Christian.Czermin@Daimler.com.
An overview of which break-in engine oil is allowed to be used with which engine can be found on sheet 223.2. Additional information can be found in the maintenance procedures.
Engine oils (service) for commercial vehicles with natural-gas engines and industrial engines (natural gas) in the commercial vehicles' sector Sheet 226.9 (multigrade oils)
Engine oils as under Specification 226.9 have been approved for all stationary and non-stationary commercial vehicle natural-gas engines based on BR 300, 400 and BR 900 (e.g. also applies to CNG buses). These engine oils are subject to certain requirements that are specifically geared towards natural-gas engines. These oils are not approved for gasoline and diesel engines. (for use, see Sheet 223.2).
Engine oils (service) for commercial-vehicle and passenger-car diesel fuel engines, and industrial engines (diesel) from the commercial-vehicle and passenger-car sectors (BR 300, BR 400, BR 500, BR 600, BR 900)
These engine oils can be used as a continued operation oil in certain Mercedes-Benz diesel engines. These oils are not approved for gasoline-fuel engines.
Sheet 227.0 (single-grade oils) and Sheet 227.1 (multigrade oils)
Since supplement 13, sheets 227.0 and 227.1 have no longer existed. The relevant single-grade and multigrade oils listed in 228.0/.1/.2/.3/.5/.51 can be used as an alternative or substitute for these oils.
For use, see sheet 223.2.
Sheet 228.0 (single-grade oils) and Sheet 228.1 (multigrade oils)
Engine oils as per Sheet 228.0/.1 are approved for certain diesel engines. The requirements for an approval of these engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". The basic requirements of ACEA E2. apply to these engine oils. Additional Daimler AG requirements also apply. (for use, see Sheet 223.2).
Sheet 228.2 (single-grade oils) and Sheet 228.3 (multigrade oils)
Engine oils as per sheet 228.2/.3 are approved for certain diesel engines.
The requirements for an approval of these engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". The basic requirements of ACEA E7 (previously ACEA E3 or E5) apply to these engine oils. Beyond this are the more comprehensive specifications of Daimler AG. for use, see Sheet 223.2).
Sheet 228.31 (multigrade oils with low sulfur content, low phosphor content and low content of ash-forming components - "Low SPAsh oils")
"Low SPAsh" engine oils as per sheet 228.31 are only specified for certain diesel engines at this time.
For use, see sheet 223.2.
What is sheet 228.31?
- A commercial vehicle engine specification for "Low SPAsh" engine oils at medium performance level (equivalent to performance capability of Sheet 228.3).
- An engine oil specification, which is geared (as was Sheet 228.51) to excellent compatibility with exhaust after treatment systems, such as diesel particulate filter (DPF) and three-way catalytic converters for NOx reduction (SCR).
What are the backgrounds for the introduction of Sheet 228.31?
- Future common Heavy Duty Engine Platform (HDEP) in North America and Europe with similar demands with regard to engine oil performance.
- The specification of Sheet 228.31 corresponds to the common understanding of Mercedes-Benz (MB) and Detroit Diesel (DDC), with regard to engine oil requirements that are necessary for complying with the emission standards in the USA (EPA 2007) and Europe (Euro 5).
- This new engine oil specification should simultaneously improve the acceptance and availability of "Low SPAsh" engine oils and do so specifically for the American market.
- Oils on Sheet 228.31 represent a low-cost alternative for customers to the previously available oils on Sheet 228.51.
- Harmonization of DC-internal European and American oil specifications (based on ACEA & API) - initial global commercial vehicle engine oil specification for HDD (GEOS HD 1).
What are the most important requirements and tests for a release as far as sheet 228.31 is concerned?
The detailed requirements for approval of these "Low SPAsh" engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". This requirement table can be requested from Dr. Czermin, Abteilung Betriebsstoffe (Operating Fluids department), tel.:+49-711-17-54741, email: Christian.Czermin@Daimler.com.
Sheet 228.5 (multigrade oils)
Engine oils in accordance with Sheet 228.5 are approved for certain diesel engines (see Sheet 223.2) and we highly recommend them. These low-friction engine oils enable commercial-vehicle diesel engines to have the longest oil change intervals. These engine oils currently represent the highest grade for commercial vehicle diesel engines with the corresponding most stringent requirements. The requirements for an approval of these engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". The basic requirements of ACEA E4. apply to these engine oils. Additional Daimler AG requirements also apply. (for use, see Sheet 223.2).
Sheet 228.51 (multigrade oils with low sulfur content, low phosphor content and low content of ash-forming components - "Low SPAsh oils")
"Low SPAsh" engine oils as per sheet 228.51 are only specified for certain diesel engines at this time. These "Low SPAsh" engine oils currently represent the highest oil grade with low sulfur content, low phosphor content and low ash-forming component content for diesel engines, with appropriate extensive requirements. The requirements for an approval of these "Low SPAsh" engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". The basic requirements of ACEA E6. apply to these engine oils. Additional Daimler AG requirements also apply. For use, see sheet 223.2.
Engine oils (service) for Passenger vehicle engines (BR 100, BR 200, BR 600), Commercial vehicle engines from the passenger vehicle sector (BR 100, BR 200, BR 600) and Industrial engines from the passenger car sector (BR 100, BR 200, BR 600)
The engine oils on Sheets 229.1, 229.3, 229.31, 229.5 and 229.51 can be used as continued operation oils (service engine oils for the oil service) depending on quality and use in certain Mercedes-Benz passenger car engines. These oils are not approved for commercial vehicle diesel engines BR 300, BR 400, BR 500, BR 900.
General information
In 1997 we introduced a new approval system for passenger car engine oils which has been considerably expanded compared to the earlier approval procedure and demands precise documentation of the oil quality. The approval regulation for passenger car engine oils which was valid up until then and based on the CCMC test sequences became invalid with the appearance of sheet 229.1.
The current approval system for passenger car engine oils with Sheets 229.1, 229.3, 229.31, 229.5 and 229.51 is in harmony with the ACEA test sequences introduced for the first time on 01.01.1996, but with regard to the requirements goes significantly beyond them.
This approval system for passenger car engine oils has been made consistently more advanced and expanded since its introduction. Today, our customers have an adequate choice of options with the engine oils on sheets 229.1, 229.3, 229.31, 229.5 and 229.51 of the Mercedes-Benz Specifications for Operating Fluids so that they can decide for themselves on a particular quality level and an optimum engine oil for their operating conditions.
The use of sheets 229.1, 229.3, 229.31, 229.5 and 229.51 in certain passenger car gasoline and passenger car diesel engines (BR 100, BR 200, BR 600) is described in more detail on sheet 223.2.
Which engine or which vehicle can use which oil quality over which oil change interval is also listed in the Service Information for passenger cars: "Engine oil change" SI18.00-P-0011A.
In each case the maintenance procedures which are stipulated individually for each vehicle model apply.
The requirements for an approval of these passenger vehicle engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". This requirement table can be requested from Dr. Czermin, Abteilung Betriebsstoffe (Operating Fluids department), tel.:+49-711-17-54741, email: Christian.Czermin@Daimler.com if necessary.
Every engine oil approved by us are therefore required to also pass a gasoline and a passenger-car diesel test sequence. We regard it as important that all the engine tests relevant to our approval procedure are reappraised by us in the Abteilung Betriebsstoffe (Operating Fluids department), D-70546 Stuttgart, Germany, and we get an insight into the relevant test bench report.
Sheet 229.1 (multigrade oils)
These engine oils are approved for certain passenger car engines (BR 100, BR 200, BR 600), commercial vehicle engines from the passenger car range (BR 100, BR 200, BR 600) and industrial engines from the passenger car range (BR 100, BR 200, BR 600). (for use, see Sheet 223.2).
The requirements for an approval of these engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". The basic requirements of ACEA A3-04 or B3-04 apply to these engine oils. Additional Daimler AG requirements also apply.
Sheet 229.3 (multigrade oils)
These low-friction engine oils are approved for certain passenger car engines (model series 100, model series 200, model series 600), commercial vehicle engines from the passenger car range (model series 100, model series 200, model series 600) and industrial engines from the passenger car range (model series 100, model series 200, model series 600).
(for use, see Sheet 223.2).
The requirements for an approval of these engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". Approvals are only possible for low-friction engine oils of SAE grades 0W-X, 5W-X and 10W-X.
The basic requirements of ACEA A3-04 and B4-04 apply to these engine oils. Beyond this are the more comprehensive specifications of Daimler AG.
Compared with Sheet 229.1 these engine oils exhibit the following features:
- higher quality (with regard to wear and cleanliness)
- fuel saving potential
- better cold-starting properties
- better environmental compatibility (reduced chlorine and sulfur content).
Sheet 229.31 (multigrade oils with low sulfur content, low phosphor content and low content of ash-forming components - "Low SPAsh oils")
These "Low SPAsh" low-friction engine oils are approved for certain passenger car engines (model series 100, model series 200, model series 600), commercial vehicle engines from the passenger car range (model series 100, model series 200, model series 600) and industrial engines from the passenger car range (model series 100, model series 200, model series 600).
These "Low SPAsh" engine oils from Sheet 229.31 must be used for passenger car diesel engines or passenger car diesel-powered vehicles that are equipped with diesel particulate filters. (for use, see Sheet 223.2).
The requirements for an approval of these engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". Approvals are only possible for low-viscosity engine oils, which comply with the low limits with regard to sulfur, phosphor content and the content of ash-forming components. The basic requirements of ACEA A3-04, B4-04 and C3-04 apply to these engine oils. Beyond this are the more comprehensive specifications of Daimler AG.
Compared with oils from Sheet 229.1/ 229.3 / 229.5 these engine oils excel on account of their lower sulfur content, lower phosphor content and lower content of ash forming constituents. This means improved compatibility with exhaust after treatment systems such as diesel particulate filters.
Compared with oils from Sheet 229.1 these oils also excel on account of:
- improved environmental compatibility (reduced chlorine, sulfur and phosphor content)
- higher quality (with regard to wear and cleanliness)
- fuel saving potential
- better cold-starting properties
Sheet 229.5 (multigrade oils)
These low-viscosity engine oils are approved for specific passenger car engines
(model series 100, model series 200, model series 600), commercial vehicle engines from the passenger car area (Model series 100, model series 200, model series 600) and industrial engines from the passenger car area (model series 100, model series 200, model series 600) For use see Sheet 223.2.
The requirements for an approval of these engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". The basic requirements of ACEA A3-04 and B4-04 apply to these low engine oils. Beyond this are the more comprehensive specifications of Daimler AG.
Compared with Sheet 229.1 and 229.3 the engine oils are characterized by:
- highest quality (with regard to wear and cleanliness) for approved passenger car engine oils
- even further improved fuel saving potential
- potential for even longer oil change intervals (in combination with new oil filter elements)
- further improved environmental compatibility
Sheet 229.51 (multigrade oils with low sulfur content, low phosphor content and low content of ash-forming components - "Low SPAsh oils")
After the successful introduction of the 1st generation of "Low SPAsh" low-friction engine oils in MB diesel passenger cars using diesel particulate filters in Sheet 229.31, we would like to take account of developments in the additive and mineral oil industry and introduce a new "Low SPAsh" oil specification at the highest performance level.
What is sheet 229.51?
A passenger vehicle engine oil specification for "Low SPAsh" low engine friction engine oils at the highest performance level (2nd generation "Low SPAsh" low-friction engine oils, with the performance capability described in sheet 229.5), i.e. with the most stringent limits with regard to wear and cleanliness.
These oils are outstanding because they provide the best possible protection from black sludge formation and deposits. They also have improved fuel economy potential (fuel economy benefit in the M111 FE test CEC SG-L54 > 1.7 % = Sheet 229.5 level), and improved environmental compatibility.
What are the most important requirements and tests for a release as far as sheet 229.51 is concerned?
Laboratory
tests: Sulfur < 0.20 % by weight,
Phosphor < 0.08 % by weight,
Sulfated ash < 0.8 % by weight,
Chlorine < 0.005 % by weight,
TBN (neutralization
capability) > 6.0 mg KOH/g
Engine test:
M 271 Wear test Pass acc. 229.5/.51 Limits
M271 Sludge test Pass acc. 229.5/.51 Limits
M 111 Fuel Economy test Pass acc. 229.5/.51 Limits (>1.7 %)
OM 611 DE22LA test Pass acc. 229.5/.51 Limits
OM 602 A test Pass acc. 229.5/.51 Limits
Plus other ACEA
and OEM tests: Pass ACEA A3, B4, C3, VW TDI,VW T4,.....
The basic requirements of ACEA test sequences A3-04, B4-04 and C3-04 apply to these engine oils. Beyond this are the more comprehensive specifications of Daimler AG. Approvals are only possible for low-friction engine oils that comply with the low limits with regard to sulfur, phosphor content and the content of ash forming components. The detailed requirements for an approval of these high-performance engine oils are listed in the table "Mercedes- Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)".
Compared with oils from Sheet 229.1/229.3/229.5 these engine oils excel on account of their lower sulfur content, lower phosphor content and lower content of ash forming constituents. This means improved compatibility with exhaust after treatment systems such as diesel particulate filters.
Compared with oils from Sheets 229.1/229.3, these oils also excel as a result of:
- improved environmental compatibility (reduced chlorine, sulfur and phosphor content)
- higher quality (with regard to wear and cleanliness)
- better fuel-saving potential
Service engine oil requirements for approval by Mercedes-Benz
The most important requirements that we stipulate for a Mercedes Benz approval of service engine oils are shown in the summary table "Mercedes-Benz specifications for engine oils (service fill)". This requirement table can be requested from Dr. Czermin, Abteilung Betriebsstoffe (Operating Fluids department), tel.: +49-711-17-54741, email: Christian.Czermin@Daimler.com if necessary.
Apart from quality the viscosity (SAE grades) must also be observed when selecting engine oils. Information on this can be found on Sheets 223.1 or 223.2 and on Sheets 224.1 or 224.2. Not every grade of approved engine oil is available with its respective viscosity grade. Single-grade engine oils are only approved for certain types of engine in summer. Today, they should only be used in pronouncedly warmer climes (in the corresponding SAE class).