Fuel Injector: Description and Operation

PURPOSE
The Fuel Injector sprays highly atomized fuel into the intake system to promote complete combustion of the air/fuel mixture.

OPERATION
When the engine is cranking or running, constant voltage is supplied to the positive side of the solenoid valve from the ignition switch. The Engine Control Module (ECM) grounds the negative side of the solenoid valve, completing the electrical circuit, which energizes the magnetic winding. The magnetic field raises the injector pintle. When the pintle is raised, pressurized fuel sprays through a metered orifice into the intake system.

CONSTRUCTION

Typical Fuel Injector Construction:

The injector is constructed of a metal housing which contains a magnetic solenoid operated pintle. The injector inlet houses a fine mesh screen to filter out foreign particles. Top and bottom o-rings seal the outside of the injector to the intake manifold and fuel rail.