Part 4
Exterior Lighting
High Beam Assist Operation
The high beam assist operates as part of the automatic headlight system. When driving at night with the lighting control switch in the automatic position and the LH steering column multifunction switch in the central position, with sufficient darkness (approximately 1 lux or less) and a suitable road speed, the high beam assist will automatically operate the high beam lighting when necessary. A warning symbol in the instrument cluster confirms to the driver when the high beam assist system is selected and enabled.
NOTE:
The function of the normal 'blue' high beam indicator remains unchanged and it always reflects the actual status of the high beam lamps
NOTE:
The exterior lighting 'on' threshold for the auto headlamps system is approximately 100 lux which is measured by the rain/light sensor. At light levels below this value the low beam headlamps and exterior lights will be switched on. The high beam assist will not function until the light level has reached approximately 1 lux. At light levels above 1 lux high beam is not required and therefore is not activated.
Activation (system ready)
High beam assist will only activate and illuminate the warning indicator to show system is ready or 'primed' for high beam control, when the following conditions are met:
- High beam assist has been first 'enabled' via the instrument cluster menu
- Lighting control switch is in the 'Auto' position
- LH steering column multifunction switch in the central position
- The ambient light level is below 100 lux - refer to 'Light Levels' section that follows
- The system has not been overridden or cancelled - refer to 'Override' section that follows
- The camera (image) sensor view is not blocked.
High Beam Control
When activated, high beam assist will switch the headlamps to high beam when all the following conditions occur:
- No relevant oncoming traffic
- No relevant preceding traffic
- In non-urban environment, i.e. with no street lighting
- Ambient light level is below 1 lux - refer to 'Light Levels' section that follows
- Road speed is suitable - refer to 'Road Speed' section that follows.
Low Beam Control
When activated, high beam assist will switch the headlamps to low beam when any of the following conditions occur:
- Relevant Oncoming traffic is present
- Relevant Preceding traffic is present
- In urban environment, i.e. with street lighting
- Ambient light level is above 1 lux - refer to 'Light Levels' section that follows
- Road speed is not suitable - refer to 'Road Speed' section that follows
- Unrecognizable reflective inputs from road signs or markings - refer to 'System Limitations' section that follows.
Light Levels
The exterior lighting 'on' threshold for the normal 'auto headlamps' feature is approximately 100 lux and is measured by the windscreen mounted 'rain/light' sensor. When the light level falls to this value the low beam headlamps and exterior lights will be switched on together with the high beam assist warning indicator.
This warns the driver that the system is activated and ready to automatically switch on the high beam headlamps when the light level falls a little further to approximately 1 lux, as measured by the 'ambient light sensor' located in the mirror body. High beam is generally not required with light levels above 1 lux.
Road Speed
A road speed signal is received by the CJB from the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) module via the high speed CAN bus. When the other activation conditions are correct, the CJB will switch the headlamps to high beam when the road speed has increased above 40 km/h (25 mph).
When the road speed falls to below 24 km/h (15mph), the CJB will switch the headlamps to low beam. The 10 mph (15 km/h) difference between the on and off road speed thresholds prevents the system continually switching between high and low beam at low speeds.
Override
The driver can manually override the high beam assist system at any time. When the high beam assist system is activated, pulling the LH steering column multifunction switch to the high beam 'flash' position or pushing it forward to the high beam position will de-activate the system and the high beam assist warning indicator in the instrument cluster will extinguish.
When the multifunction switch is returned to the central position, from a forward high beam position, the system is re-activated and the high beam assist warning indicator will illuminate again.
Correct Performance
In addition, high beam assist will only exhibit best performance if all of the following conditions are met:
- No false inputs are received by the camera (image) sensor, such as reflected light from certain static signs - refer to 'System Limitations' section that follows
- Headlamps are correctly aligned
- High beam assist system has been set for correct 'hand of traffic' via the driver menu settings - refer to 'Setting Hand of Traffic' section that follows
- Headlamps have been set for correct 'hand of traffic' via the mechanical tourist lever in headlamp casing - refer to 'Setting Hand of Traffic' section that follows
- Camera (image) sensor has been through a self learning 'auto aim' calibration procedure if any components have been replaced - refer to 'Calibration' section that follows
- There are no large reflective items, white papers, etc., sitting on top of the dash board in near view of the camera (image) sensor, or stickers placed directly in front of the camera (image) sensor
Driver Menu Features
The high beam assist feature must first be enabled using the configuration menu available in the instrument cluster. However if required, the high beam assist system can be permanently disabled leaving the basic 'Auto Lamps' system still operative.
Within this menu the system can also be configured for driving on the alternate side of the road (Hand of Traffic). This enables the system to be used in different regions and it's setting is important for correct operation.
Setting 'Hand of Traffic' and High Beam Assist 'Enable'
To set the high beam assist options the following steps must be sequenced:
- With the ignition in power mode 6 (ignition on), and the engine not running, use the controls on the steering wheel to select on the instrument cluster menu:
- Menu > Vehicle Set-up > High Beam Assist
- Configure the 'Hand of Traffic' setting by selecting the appropriate 'Drive on Left' (of road) or 'Drive on Right' (of road) to the applicable Market condition
- Enable the feature by setting 'Activate Assist' if not already selected.
NOTE:
Enabling or disabling high beam assist will not affect the 'Hand of Traffic' settings once set.
NOTE:
The headlamps still require manual adjustment using the tourist lever for driving abroad in countries where the alternate side of the road is used.
The instrument cluster menu also includes a 'High Beam Assist Sensitivity' selection. This is a requirement option for NAS market vehicles only but it is not recommended for normal use and has been superseded.
NOTE:
In other markets the 'Sensitivity' selection is grayed out and cannot be selected.
For additional information, refer to Instrument Cluster Description and Operation
System Limitations
The high beam assist system can occasionally have difficulty distinguishing between light from other vehicles or reflected light from static highly reflective road signs.
These situations may cause the high beam assist system to undesirably operate the high beam headlamps or take no action at all. Examples of these situations are as follows:
- Dips, hollows or crests in the road
- Highly reflective static Road signs
- Tight bends
- Poorly illuminated vehicles e.g. cyclists or small mopeds
- Motorway central barriers
- Extreme weather conditions e.g. Fog, heavy snow
- Exterior domestic or industrial lighting
Reflective Static Signs
Manual Deactivation
There are situations when a driver is able to judge if a high beam deactivation is desirable before the high beam assist system actually operates, for example over a crest of a hill. Headlamps from an oncoming vehicle can sometimes be seen on the horizon prior to the detection sensor receiving an input. It is the driver's preference to determine if early intervention is desired in this and similar situations.
System Diagnosis
NOTE:
Windshield stickers, stone chips, dirt and general road film will affect the successful operation of the image sensor if sufficient blocking is present. Avoid placing reflective objects on the instrument panel, for example white paper which can affect the image sensor.
High beam assist has a self diagnosis capability by comparing data from the ambient light sensor input (located in the rear view mirror) to light levels detected by the image sensor. If a deviation is detected it is assumed that the ambient light available to the image sensor is being restricted by dirt or other blockage and the system will be deactivated. Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)'s are stored in the control module's memory and can be accessed using an approved Land Rover diagnostic system. Within the diagnostic system is a procedure to test the basic operation of the camera function.
In the event of a fault, the warning strategy to the driver is as follows:
- Image sensor internal fault - green icon will extinguish with no additional message to driver
- CJB has lost all communication with image sensor - green icon will extinguish with no additional message to driver
- Image sensor blocked - green icon will extinguish with an additional "High Beam Assist Sensor Blocked" message within the message centre
System Calibration
To achieve effective operation of the high beam assist system, a calibration routine is performed on vehicle build and system tolerances are set to an accuracy of +/- 0.2 degrees.
This initial calibration is a 'one time only' procedure. Should the high beam assist components or the windshield require replacement at the dealership, an automatic calibration routine will be performed. This 'auto aim' calibration procedure is a continual process that takes place during a normal drive cycle at night and could take between 10 - 30 minutes dependant on the following driving conditions:
- If sufficient road markings (lane markings) are visible to the image sensor - approximately 10 minutes
- If insufficient road markings are visible, the system uses the tail lights of preceding vehicles - approximately 30 minutes.
NOTE:
Until this calibration is complete the system may not react correctly during operation. This should be made clear to the customer before vehicle handover. During any calibration or rectification work the headlamps should be checked for correct alignment.
NOTE:
Due to mechanical calibration tolerance the correct mirror assembly must be used for the vehicle model types in question and it is not exchangeable with other vehicle model types.
NOTE:
After any rectification work and before any calibration drives, the headlamps should be checked for correct alignment.
HEADLAMP DELAY
The CJB controls a headlamp delay function which illuminates the driveway after leaving the vehicle. The headlamp delay will operate on low beam headlamps only regardless of the position of the left hand steering column multifunction switch.
The headlamp delay is activated when the lighting control switch is in the 'Auto' position and the engine is switched off. The message center displays a 'HEADLIGHT DELAY' message and the low beam headlamps will be activated for a period of approximately 30, 60, 120 or 240 seconds, which is selectable using the instrument cluster menu. After the delay period, the CJB automatically switches off the delay function, extinguishing the headlamps.
The headlamp delay feature can also be switched off by pressing the headlamp button on the smart key.
INSTRUMENT CLUSTER WARNING INDICATOR ILLUMINATION
The warning indicators in the instrument cluster for left and right turn signal indicator, front and rear fog lamps and headlamp low and high beam and side lamps are activated by the CJB via messages to the instrument cluster on the medium and high speed CAN buses. The synchronization of the turn signal warning indicator with the external turn signal indicator lamp frequency is controlled by a cyclic transmission of the light status on the medium speed CAN bus.
The AFS warning indicator is controlled by a signal from the AFS control module.
FRONT FOG LAMPS
The front fog lamps are located in the front bumper. Each lamp is secured to three lugs in the bumper and retained with self tapping screws and fasteners. Each lamp has an adjustment thumbwheel which provide for the vertical alignment of the beam. Access to the thumbwheel requires removal of the lamp bezel.
The 55W halogen bulb is located in a holder. The holder is secured in the lamp housing by rotating through approximately 10°. The holder has a connector to allow for connection to the electrical harness.
TAIL LAMP ASSEMBLY
The rear tail and turn signal indicator lamp assemblies are located on the outer corner of each rear wing panel.
The lamp assembly is retained by two integral plastic clips which locate in corresponding clips secured to the body panel. The assembly is further retained by two self tapping screws which are accessed from inside the tailgate aperture. To remove the assembly, after removing the screws, the assembly must be prized at two indentations to release the clips. A non-metallic tool must be used with care to avoid damage to the paint finish and the lamp assembly.
All lamps in the tail lamp assembly use LED's's. The stop lamp is located in the upper section of the lamp assembly and is illuminated by 19 LED's. Surrounding the stop lamp is the upper tail lamp which is illuminated by 9 LED's. The rear fog lamp is located in the lower section of the tail lamp assembly and is illuminated by 3 high power LED's. Surrounding the fog lamp is another circular ring of 12 LED's which function as the lower tail lamp. The turn signal indicators are 3 horizontal strips located between the upper and lower tail lamps and are illuminated by 12 LED's.
On NAS vehicles, an additional LED is used to accommodate the side marker lamp. The LED lens has a vertical section which is used as the side marker illumination required for the NAS market.
None of the LED's are serviceable items.
SIDE REPEATER LAMPS
The side repeater lamps are located in the front fenders, forward of the louvered air vents. The side repeater lamps are clipped into the fender aperture and can be removed by pushing forwards and pulling outwards from the fender.
The side repeater lamps use a capless 5W bulb which is pressed into contacts in a holder. The holder is located in the lamp assembly. These lamps are not monitored by the CJB and if a failure occurs the driver will not receive a message.
REVERSING LAMPS
The reversing lamps are located in the lower tail door and positioned at either side of the license plate. The lamps are secured in the tail door with a clip at the bottom and positively secured with a screw at the top.
Each reversing lamp uses a 6W bayonet type bulb.
LICENSE PLATE LAMPS
Two license plate lamps are located in the trim above the license plate in the lower tail door. The lamps are press fitted in their apertures and secured by an integral plastic clip.
Each lamp uses a 5W festoon type bulb.
HAZARD WARNING LAMPS
The hazard warning lamps use the front and rear turn signal indicator lamps as previously described. These are controlled by the CJB in response to a hazard warning lamp request from the instrument panel switch.
Crash Signal Activation
In the event of an accident of a severity to activate and deploy the airbags, the RCM requests various electrical operations to assist with the crash situation. The RCM requests via the bus systems to the CJB to activate the hazard warning lamps. These will continue to operate until deselected using the hazard warning lamp switch in the instrument panel. The lamps flash at a frequency which is the same as the frequency used to flash the headlamp high beam in the same situation.
DAYTIME RUNNING LAMPS (DRL)
DRL operation is detailed in a separate section. For additional information refer to 417-04 Daytime Running Lamps.
LEFT HAND STEERING COLUMN MULTIFUNCTION SWITCH
The left hand steering column multifunction switch is located on the left hand side of the steering column and controls the following functions:
- Headlamp low/high beam
- Headlamp high beam flash
- Left/right turn signal indicators
- Trip computer functions. For additional information refer to 413-08 Information and Message Center.
The high beam on and flash functions are connected on a single wire to the cjb. The switch assembly contains resistors and the ground for each selection is passed through a different resistor for each selection. The same also applies to the turn signal indicators. The cjb senses the resistance on the ground wire and determines which function has been selected.
The turn signal indicators incorporate a lane change function. To activate the lane change function, hold the lever partially up or down against spring pressure to indicate a lane change. The directional indicator will flash three times. The lane change function can be enabled or disabled using an approved Land Rover diagnostic system.
EXTERIOR LIGHTING CONTROL DIAGRAM - SHEET 1 of 2
NOTE:
A = Hardwired; D = Medium Speed CAN bus; O = LIN Bus.
EXTERIOR LIGHTING CONTROL DIAGRAM - SHEET 2 of 2
NOTE:
A = Hardwired; D = High speed CAN bus; N = Medium speed CAN bus
AUTO HIGH BEAM CONTROL DIAGRAM
NOTE:
A = Hardwired; D = High Speed CAN; N = Medium Speed CAN; O = LIN Bus
