Emission Control Systems: Description and Operation

The emission control systems are used to reduce harmful gases (CO, HC, and NOx) in accordance with federal and state regulations.
The emission control system has the following three major systems:

Crankcase Emission Control System.
The crankcase emission control system, to reduce HC, prevents blow-by gases from escaping into the atmosphere. The blow-by gases in the crankcase are routed, through various components, back into the intake manifold for combustion.

Evaporative Emission Control System.
The evaporative control system, to reduce HC, prevents the escape of fuel vapors from the fuel tank and fuel system into the atmosphere. It consists of various components, which collect and lead the fuel vapors to the intake manifold for combustion.

Exhaust Emission Control System.
The exhaust emission control system consists of a three-way catalytic converter to reduce HC, CO, and NOx, an exhaust gas recirculation valve to reduce NOx and other various components to reduce exhaust emission levels.