Principles of Operation

PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

Vehicle communication utilizes both International Standards Organization (ISO) 9141 and controller area network (CAN) communications. ISO 9141 is used for diagnostic use only, and CAN is a method for transferring data among distributed electronic modules via a serial data bus.

The vehicle is equipped with 3 module communication networks:
- ISO 9141
- Medium speed (MS) CAN
- High speed (HS) CAN

ISO 9141 Communications Network
The ISO 9141 communications network is a single wire network. The ISO 9141 communications network does not permit intermodule communication. The only module on the ISO 9141 network is the restraints control module (RCM), and is used for diagnostic use only. When the scan tool communicates to the RCM, the scan tool must request all information, the module cannot initiate communications.

ISO 9141 Network Communication Fault Chart:

The fault chart describes the specific ISO 9141 network failures and their resulting symptom.

MS-CAN
The MS-CAN network uses an unshielded twisted pair cable of data (+) and data (-) circuits. The data (+) and the data (-) circuits are each regulated to approximately 2.5 volts during neutral or rested network traffic. As bus messages are sent on the data (+) circuit, voltage is increased by approximately 1.0 volt. Inversely, the data (-) circuit is reduced by approximately 1.0 volt when a bus message is sent. Multiple bus messages can be sent over the network CAN circuits allowing multiple modules to communicate with each other. The MS-CAN is used for instrument cluster, smart junction box (SJB), and electronic automatic temperature control (EATC) module communications, and designed for general information transfer. The MS-CAN network will not communicate while certain faults are present, but will operate with diminished performance with other faults present. The MS-CAN bus may remain operational when 1 of the 2 termination resistors are not present.

MS-CAN Network Communication Fault Chart:

The fault chart describes the specific MS-CAN network failures and their resulting symptom.

HS-CAN
The HS-CAN network uses an unshielded twisted pair cable of data (+) and data (-) circuits. The data (+) and the data (-) circuits are each regulated to approximately 2.5 volts during neutral or rested network traffic. As bus messages are sent on the data (+) circuit, voltage is increased by approximately 1.0 volt. Inversely, the data (-) circuit is reduced by approximately 1.0 volt when a bus message is sent. Multiple bus messages can be sent over the network CAN circuits allowing multiple modules to communicate with each other. The HS-CAN is a high speed communication network used for instrument cluster, powertrain control module (PCM) and anti-lock brake system (ABS) module communications, and designed for real time information transfer and control. The HS-CAN network will not communicate while certain faults are present, but will operate with diminished performance with other faults present. The HS-CAN bus may remain operational when 1 of the 2 termination resistors are not present.

HS-CAN Network Communication Fault Chart:

The fault chart describes the specific HS-CAN network failures and their resulting symptom.

CAN Network Module Communication Message Chart (Part 1):

CAN Network Module Communication Message Chart (Part 2):

CAN Network Module Communication Message Chart (Part 3):

CAN Network Module Communication Message Chart (Part 4):

The chart describes the specific CAN network messages broadcast by each module, and the module(s) that receive the message.