Operation

OPERATION

The exhaust emission control system is calibrated to meet ULEV I emission standards in California, Tier 2, BIN 8 emission standards in other U.S. states and Stage IV emission standards in Europe. The engine control computer and other hardware are the same for all markets, but there is some difference in the software depending on local emissions requirements. Dual ignition reduces hydrocarbon emissions (unburned fuel) released by the engine to the catalytic converter by 20 percent compared to single ignition systems. This reduction is especially beneficial during the cold start and warm up phases of operation, which is when a majority of the tailpipe emissions occur on today's cars because the catalytic converter has not yet reached its operating temperature. The exhaust system channels exhaust gases from the engine and away from the vehicle.