Crankshaft Position Sensor: Description and Operation

The Crankshaft Position Sensor (1) is located on the left side of the engine just forward of the transmission housing. The bottom of the sensor is positioned above the flywheel.

The sensor is a hall effect device combined with an internal magnet.

The Crankshaft Position Sensor generates pulses that are the signal sent to the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). The PCM interprets the sensor signal to determine the crankshaft position. The PCM then uses this position, along with other inputs, to determine injector sequence and ignition timing.

The Crankshaft Position Sensor detects slots cut into the engine flywheel. There are 3 sets of slots. Two sets contain 4 slots and one set contains 5 slots, for a total of 13 slots. Basic timing is set by the position of the last slot in each group. As the PCM senses the last slot, it determines which piston will be next at TDC from the Camshaft Position Sensor input. It may take the PCM one engine revolution to determine crankshaft position.

The PCM uses crankshaft position reference to determine injector sequence and ignition timing. Once the PCM determines crankshaft position, it begins energizing the injectors and coils in sequence.

The PCM uses the Crankshaft Position Sensor to calculate the following:
- Engine RPM
- TDC
- Ignition Coil Synchronization
- Injector Synchronization
- Camshaft-to-Crankshaft Misalignment