Lighting and Horns: Description and Operation

LAMPS/LIGHTING - EXTERIOR
BRAKE LAMP SWITCH

Fig.2 Brake Lamp Switch:

The brake lamp switch is located under the instrument panel, at the brake pedal arm (Fig 2). It has three internal switches controlling various functions of the vehicle. It's main function is to control operation of the vehicle's brake lamps. Other functions include speed control deactivation, brake sense for the antilock brake system and brake sense for the brake transmission shift interlock.

CAUTION: The switch can only be adjusted once. That is during initial installation of the switch. If the switch is not adjusted properly or has been removed for some service, a new switch must be installed and adjusted.

When the brake pedal is pressed, the plunger on the outside of the brake lamp switch extends outward. This action opens or closes the contacts of the three switches inside the brake lamp switch.

With the brake pedal pressed down (plunger extended), the switch for terminals 1 and 2 is closed completing the circuit. The switch for terminals 3 and 4 is open and so is the switch for terminals 5 and 6.

When the brake pedal is released (plunger pushed in), the three switches assume the opposite positions. The switch for terminals 1 and 2 is now open while the other two switches are now closed, completing their circuits.

A lever on the back of the switch is used to set the switch into the "adjusted" position. A non-adjusted switch will have the lever set to the diagonal position in relation to the switch housing. The plunger can be moved in and out, but the states of the internal switches will not change.

CAUTION: Never move the adjustment lever of the new brake lamp switch without it being properly installed in the vehicle first. Such action will render the switch unusable and the switch must be discarded.

Fig.4 Adjustment Lever Movement:

Once installed in the vehicle as described in the brake lamp switch installation procedure (Refer to LAMPS/LIGHTING - EXTERIOR/ BRAKE LAMP SWITCH - INSTALLATION), the new switch's adjustment lever is rotated to the adjusted position as indicated. This action locks the plunger to the internal switches. Once in this position the switch is permanently adjusted (or locked) and cannot be readjusted or released even if the lever is moved back.

COMBINATION FLASHER
The turn signal flasher and the hazard warning flasher are combined into one unit called a Combination Flasher (combo-flasher). The combo-flasher is a smart relay located on the back of the multi-function switch. The combo-flasher is black in color and has a dampener material wrapped on it. Constant battery voltage is supplied to the flasher so that it can perform the hazard warning function, and ignition switched battery voltage is supplied for the turn signal function. However, when the flasher is idle no current is drawn through the module. The unit does not become active until it is provided a signal ground from the turn signal switch or hazard warning switch.

The combo-flasher controls the flashing of the hazard warning system and the turn signal system. An inoperative bulb or incomplete turn signal circuit will cause the flasher rate to double. Typical flash rate is about ninety flashes per minute. When a bulb is burnt out, or when a circuit for a lamp is open, the turn signal flash rate will increase to a minimum of 180 flashes per minute. However, an open lamp circuit or burnt out bulb does not change the hazard warning flash rate.

Turn signal inputs that actuate the combination flasher are low current grounds, each drawing a maximum of 300 milliamperes. The turn signal inputs are provided to the flasher through the multi-function switch on the steering column. The hazard warning signal input is a low current ground drawing a maximum of 600 milliamperes. The hazard warning input can be provided through the multi-function switch on the steering column.

DAYTIME RUNNING LAMP MODULE
Vehicles built for use in Canada are equipped with a Daytime Running Lamp (DRL) system. The DRL function is provided by the cluster. The DRL Module is an integral part of the instrument panel cluster.

FRONT POSITION LAMP
Some vehicles are equipped with front position lamps. One front position lamp is incorporated into each of the headlamps. These lamps utilize a clear lens and clear bulb and function in the same way that Parking Lamps do on other market built vehicles (U.S., Canada). The front position lamp is built in to the headlamp and therefore doesn't require its own lamp housing.

The front position lamps are turned ON or OFF with the multi-function switch. These lamps function in the same way that the parking lamps do on other market built vehicles.(U.S., Canada).

HEADLAMP LEVELING MOTOR
Two leveling motors are used per vehicle, one for each headlamp These leveling motors are attached to the rear of the headlamp mounting brackets. They can be described as a small semi-square shaped module with a electrical connector attached to one side. Due to vehicle design these motors can only be serviced or accessed from the under side of the vehicle.

The headlamp leveling motors move the headlamp and beam pattern according to the signal received from the headlamp leveling switch. With the vehicles headlamps "ON," a signal voltage is sent from the headlamp leveling switch and received at each of the headlamp leveling motors. This signal voltage (typically 2 - 9 volts) tells the headlamp leveling motors were to position the headlamps.

Fig.12 Headlamp Leveling Switch Location:

HEADLAMP LEVELING SWITCH
The Headlamp Leveling Switch is located on the center instrument panel area in the accessory switch bezel, and is the primary controller of the headlamp leveling system. The leveling switch has four settings 0 - 3, 0 being the lowest, and 3 being the highest headlamp beam vertical setting.

With the rotation of the headlamp leveling switch control knob, voltage is adjusted at the headlamp leveling switch (rheostat). This signals the headlamp leveling motors (headlamp module mounted) to adjust the vertical headlamp beam pattern accordingly. Headlamps must be "ON" in order for the leveling system to function.

Fig.18 Multi-Function Switches:

HEADLAMP SWITCH
The headlamp switch is integral to the left stalk of the multi-function switch located on the steering column behind the steering wheel. A knob on the end of the left control stalk controls all of the exterior lighting functions.

Turn the end of the control lever to the first detent for parking light operation. Turn to the second detent for headlight operation. To activate the front fog lights, turn ON the parking lights or the low beam headlights and pull out the end of the control lever.

To test the headlamp switch portion of the multi-function switch, refer to Electrical, Lamps/Lighting - Exterior, Multi Function Switch, Diagnosis and Testing, The headlamp switch cannot be repaired. If found defective the entire multi-function switch must be replaced.

Fig.18 Multi-Function Switches:

MULTI-FUNCTION SWITCH
The multi-function switch is secured to the upper steering column housing at the top of the steering column, just below the steering wheel. The visible parts of the multi-function switch are the turn signal control stalk that extends through a dedicated opening in the left side of the upper steering column shrouds, the windshield wiper/washer, exterior lighting control stalk that extends through a dedicated opening in the right upper steering column shrouds, the hazard warning switch push button that protrudes through an opening in the upper steering column shroud on the top of the steering column. The remainder of the switch, its mounting provisions, and its electrical connections are all concealed beneath the steering column shrouds. The multi-function switch control stalk has both nomenclature and International Control and Display Symbol graphics applied to it, which identify its many functions. An International Control and Display Symbol icon for "Hazard Warning" is applied to the top of the hazard warning switch push button.

The switch housing and its controls are constructed of molded black plastic. A connector receptacle with up to twenty terminals is located on the back of the switch housing and connects the switch to the vehicle electrical system through a take out and connector of the instrument panel wire harness.

The multi-function switch supports the following functions and features:
- Continuous Wipe Modes - The control knob of the multi-function switch provides two continuous wipe switch positions, low speed or high speed.
- Intermittent Wipe Mode - The control knob of the multi-function switch provides an intermittent wipe mode with multiple delay interval positions.
- Washer Mode - A button on the end of the control stalk of the multi-function switch provides washer system operation when the button is depressed towards the steering column.
- Hazard Warning Control - The internal circuitry and hardware of the multi-function switch provide detent switching for activation and deactivation of the hazard warning system.
- Exterior Lighting Control - The internal circuitry and hardware of the multi-function switch provide for activation and deactivation of exterior lighting.
- Headlamp Beam Selection - The internal circuitry and hardware of the multi-function switch provide detent switching for selection of the headlamp high or low beams.
- Headlamp Optical Horn - The internal circuitry and hardware of the multi-function switch includes momentary switching of the headlamp high beam circuits to provide an optical horn feature (sometimes referred to as flash-to-pass), which allows the vehicle operator to momentarily flash the headlamp high beams as an optical signalling device.
- Turn Signal Control - The internal circuitry and hardware of the multi-function switch provide both momentary non-detent switching and detent switching with automatic cancellation for both the left and right turn signals.

The multi-function switch cannot be adjusted or repaired. If any function of the switch is faulty, or if the switch is damaged, the entire switch unit must be replaced.

The multi-function switch uses conventionally switched outputs and a variable resistor to control the many functions and features it provides using hard wired circuitry The switch is grounded at all times through a single wire take out with an eyelet terminal connector of the instrument panel wire harness that is secured by a nut to a ground stud located on the instrument panel armature, just above and to the left of the glove box opening. When the ignition switch is in the Accessory or ON positions, battery current from a fuse in the Junction Block (JB) is provided through a fused ignition switch output (run-acc) circuit. Following are descriptions of the how the multi-function switch operates to control the many functions and features it provides:
- Continuous Wipe Modes - When the control knob of the windshield wiper/washer control stalk on the right side of the multi-function switch is rotated to the High or Low positions, the circuitry within the switch provides a battery current output directly to the high or low speed brush of the wiper motor. When the control knob is in the OFF position, the wiper system completes the cycle and the blades park in the lowest portion of the wipe pattern
- Intermittent Wipe Mode - When the windshield wiper/washer control switch control is rotated to the Delay position, the circuitry within the switch connects the output of the wiper motor relay to the low speed brush of the wiper motor and provides a battery current signal to the BCM. If the Delay mode is selected, the control knob can then be rotated to multiple minor detent positions, which actuates a variable resistor within the switch and provides a hard wired output to the CTM that signals the desired delay interval for the intermittent wiper feature.
- Washer Mode - Pulling windshield wiper/ washer control towards the steering wheel provides a battery current output through the momentary single pole, single throw washer switch circuitry to operate the washer pump/motor and provides a signal to the BCM. If the wipers are not operating when the washer switch is actuated, the BCM will operate the wiper motor for as long as the washer switch is depressed plus about three additional wipe cycles. If the wipers are operating in the intermittent mode when the washer switch is actuated, the BCM will operate the wiper motor at a fixed low speed for as long as the washer switch is depressed plus about three additional wipe cycles before the wipers return to the selected intermittent wipe interval.
- Headlamp Beam Selection - The turn signal control stalk on the left side of the multi-function switch is pulled towards the steering wheel past a detent, then released to actuate the headlamp beam selection switch. Each time the control stalk is actuated in this manner, the opposite headlamp mode from what is currently selected will be activated. The internal circuitry of the headlamp beam selection switch directs the output of the headlamp switch through hard wired circuitry to activate the selected headlamp beam.
- Headlamp Optical Horn - The turn signal control stalk is pulled towards the steering wheel to just before a detent, to momentarily activate the headlamp high beams. The high beams will remain illuminated until the control stalk is released. The internal circuitry of the headlamp beam selection switch provides a momentary ground path to the headlamp high beams.
- Turn Signal Control - The turn signal control stalk actuates the turn signal switch. When the control stalk is moved in the upward direction, the right turn signal circuitry is activated; and, when the control stalk is moved in the downward direction, the left turn signal circuitry is activated. The multi-function switch turn signal circuitry simultaneously provides a signal to the turn signal sense of the combination flasher to activate or deactivate the flasher output, and directs the output of the flasher to the proper turn signal lamps. The turn signal switch has a detent position in each direction that provides turn signals with automatic cancellation, and an intermediate, momentary position in each direction that provides turn signals only until the left multi-function switch control stalk is released. When the control stalk is moved to a turn signal switch detent position, the cancel actuator extends toward the center of the steering column. A turn signal cancel cam that is integral to the clock spring mechanism rotates with the steering wheel and the cam lobes contact the cancel actuator when it is extended from the multi-function switch. When the steering wheel is rotated during a turning maneuver, one of the two turn signal cancel cam lobes will contact the turn signal cancel actuator. The cancel actuator latches against the cancel cam rotation in the direction opposite that which is signaled. In other words, if the left turn signal detent is selected, the lobes of the cancel cam will ratchet past the cancel actuator when the steering wheel is rotated to the left, but will unlatch the cancel actuator as the steering wheel rotates to the right and returns to center, which will cancel the turn signal event and release the control stalk from the detent so it returns to the neutral OFF position.

If only momentary signaling such as indication of a lane change is desired, the switch is actuated to a left or right intermediate detent position. In this position the signal lamps flash as described above, but the switch returns to the OFF position as soon as the lever is released.

When the system is activated, one of two indicator lamps mounted in the instrument cluster flashes in unison with the turn signal lamps, indicating to the driver that the system is operating.

Hazard Warning System
The hazard warning system is actuated by a push button located in the multi-function switch on the top of the steering column between the steering wheel and the instrument panel. The hazard switch is identified with a double triangle on front of the button.

The hazard warning system allows the vehicle operator to provide the drivers of other vehicles in near proximity an optical indication that the vehicle is disabled or is an obstacle to traffic flow. Unlike the turn signal system, the hazard warning system has battery current at all times, regardless of ignition switch position.

The hazard warning push button is pushed down to unlatch the switch and activate the hazard warning system, and pushed down again to latch the switch and turn the system OFF. When the hazard warning switch is latched (hazard warning OFF), the push button will be in a lowered position on the top of the steering column shroud; and, when the hazard warning switch is unlatched (hazard warning ON), the push button will be in a raised position. The multi-function switch hazard warning circuitry simultaneously provides a signal to the hazard warning sense of the combination flasher to activate or deactivate the flasher output, and directs the output of the flasher to the hazard warning lamps. When the hazard warning system is activated, the combination flasher will cause both the right and left side turn signal indicator lamps, front park/turn signal lamps, front side marker lamps and rear turn signal lamps to flash ON and OFF. If the exterior lamps are turned OFF, the front park/turn signal lamps and the front side marker lamps will flash in unison. If the exterior lamps are turned ON, the front park/turn signal lamps and the side marker lamps will flash alternately.

REAR FOG LAMP
The rear fog lamps can be found in the rear of the vehicle, integrated into the rear tail lamp assembly Rear fog lamps utilize a red lens and clear bulb.

The rear fog lamps are turned ON and OFF with the rear fog lamp switch. (Refer to LAMPS/LIGHTING - EXTERIOR/FOG LAMP SWITCH - OPERATION).

REAR FOG LAMP SWITCH
The Rear Fog Lamp Switch is located on the left stalk of the multi-function switch assembly.The rear fog lamp switch is the primary controller of the rear fog lamps.

With the end of the left stalk pulled out, rotate it past the headlamp position to complete the rear fog lamp switch circuit. This illuminates the rear fog lamp or lamps. Headlamps must be ON in order for the rear fog lamp/s to function.

SIDE REPEATER LAMP
Some vehicles are equipped with side turn signal repeater lamps. One side repeater lamp can be found on each side of the vehicle just above the front wheel. The side repeater lamp utilizes an amber colored housing and clear bulb.

The side turn signal repeater lamps are turned ON or OFF with the front and rear turn signal lamps. Therefore these lamps are controlled by the steering column mounted multi-function switch.