EFI (Electronic Fuel Injection) Turbo System

Fig. 1 Electronic fuel injection system:

Fig. 2 Electronic fuel injection system wiring diagram:

Fig. 3 Electronic fuel injection system fuel routing diagram:

The electronic control type fuel injection system with turbocharger and intercooler, Figs. 1 through 3, consists of an ECM (Electronic Control Module), an in-tank electric fuel pump, a pressure regulator, an air flow meter, fuel injectors, a turbocharger, an intercooler, an inlet air temperature sensor, a coolant temperature sensor and various other related components.
The ECM in the system features self diagnosis and a failsafe function. The self diagnosis function identifies troubles in the area related to the sensors that pick up various data and send them to the ECM. The failsafe function serves as a back-up in the event of trouble, and the data fails to reach the ECM.
In this system, the intake air and fuel are processed and mixed into a specific air/fuel mixture that is optimum for each driving condition, then burned and exhausted as follows:
1. The intake air filtered by the air cleaner flows through the air flow meter which has a built in intake air temperature sensor. While passing through it, the air flow volume is metered, its temperature measured then the resulting data is fed to the ECM.
2. The intake air is then compressed by the turbocharger and flows into the intercooler.
3. As the turbocharged air is warm and expanded, the intercooler cools and condenses it so as to improve engine intake efficiency.
4. The turbocharged and condensed intake air flows into the surge tank through the throttle body. Meanwhile, the throttle position sensor detects the opening of the throttle valve in the throttle body and the data is sent to the ECM.
5. While the air passes through the surge tank, surge of the air is reduced, then the air goes out into the intake manifold.